API
Containers
Container Functions

Container Functions

WarningThe scope of applications for UnigineScript is limited to implementing materials-related logic (material expressions, scriptable materials, brush materials). Do not use UnigineScript as a language for application logic, please consider C#/C++ instead, as these APIs are the preferred ones. Availability of new Engine features in UnigineScript (beyond its scope of applications) is not guaranteed, as the current level of support assumes only fixing critical issues.

All of the functions below are called as member functions of a given UnigineScript vector or a map.

Methods:

Name	Description View: Sort by:
allocate	Preallocates memory for a given number of elements in the vector (it is available only for vectors).
append	This function receives a new element value and adds it to the end of a vector.
call	Calls the class member function for each element of the container where elements are instances of the class.
check	Checks, if a given index or a key exists in a container.
clear	Deletes all contents of a container.
compare	Compares two containers of the same type.
copy	Copies one container to another, replacing its current elements.
delete	Deletes the container, while all classes stored in it are properly destructed (if not referenced to by other variables).
find	Searches a container for the first occurrence of a given value.
get	Gets the element of a container by its index.
id	Returns the internal integer ID of a vector or a map.
key	Gets a key by an element index.
left	Returns the index of the element to the left from the specified element (found by its value).
lerp	Linear interpolation between two vectors with the given coefficient.
merge	Merges a specified container (by its ID) with the current one.
remove	Deletes the last element of a vector.
removeFast	Deletes the specified vector element: moves the last vector element to the specified position and reduces the length of the vector.
resize	Changes the size of a vector.
right	Returns the index of the element to the right from the specified element (found its value).
set	Sets the element of the container by its index.
size	Counts the number of elements in a container and returns it.
sort	Sorts a vector in the ascending order.
step	Changes the current array iterator position inside the foreachkey().
swap	Swaps contents of two containers of the same type.
typeinfo	Returns information about the container values, which is represented by pairs (type,value), where type is a container element type and value is an element value.

void allocate ( int size ) #

Preallocates memory for a given number of elements in the vector (it is available only for vectors). With this function, it is possible to allocate memory only once, rather than for each new element.

Notice

The allocate() function is available only for vectors.

Arguments

int size - Number of elements the vector will hold.

Examples

Source code (UnigineScript)

int vector[0];
vector.allocate(5); // allocate memory for the five elements

// add new elements
vector.append(1);
vector.append(2);
vector.append(3);
vector.append(4);
vector.append(5);
// vector now has 5 components: (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)

void append ( variable value ) #

This function receives a new element value and adds it to the end of a vector.

NoticeThe error UserArray::append(): unknown array type indicates that an empty container was not declared properly:
					If a vector, its size should be necessarily specified.
If a map, its size is not specified.

				

Arguments

variable value - Element to append.

Examples

Source code (UnigineScript)

int vector[0] = ( 0, 1 );

// add an element to the vector
vector.append(4);
// vector now has 3 components: ( 0, 1, 4 )

void append ( int index, variable value ) #

This function inserts an element into a specified position of a vector.

Arguments

int index - New element index.
variable value - Element to append.

Examples

Source code (UnigineScript)

int vector[0] = ( 0, 1 );

// insert an element into the vector
vector.append(1,100);
// the vector content is ( 0, 100, 1 )

void append ( int id, int position, int size ) #

This function adds elements of the second vector to the end of the source vector.

Arguments

int id - Vector of the same type as vector.
int position - Index offset.
int size - Number of elements to append.

Examples

Source code (UnigineScript)

int a[] = ( 1, 2, 3, 4 );
int b[] = ( 5, 6, 7, 8 );

// get two elements starting from the first index of the b vector and then add it into a vector
a.append(b,1,2);
// the result is the 6-component vector: ( 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7 )

void append ( variable key ) #

Adds a new key to a map. The size of the map will be increased by number of the appended elements.

NoticeAfter the function is applied, map keys are sorted in the ascending order.

Arguments

variable key - New key appended to the map. The value of the key is int 0.

Examples

Source code (UnigineScript)

int map[] = ( 1 : "one" , 2 : "two", 3 : "three");

// add a key and a value to the map
map.append(4);
// now the map components are: ( 1 : "one", 2 : "two", 3 : "three", 4 : 0 )

void append ( variable key, variable value ) #

Adds a new key-value pair to a map. If such a key already exists, then its value will be replaced with the new one.

NoticeAfter the function is applied, map keys are sorted in the ascending order.

Arguments

variable key - New key appended to the map.
variable value - Value associated with key.

Examples

Source code (UnigineScript)

int map[] = ( 1 : "one" , 2 : "two", 3 : "three");

// add a key to the map
map.append(2,"new_value");
// the result is a map, where the second key-value pair is replaced: ( 1 : "one", 2 : "new_value", 3 : "three" )

void call ( string name ) #

Calls the class member function for each element of the container where elements are instances of the class.

Notice

This function is faster than forloop or foreach statements.

Arguments

string name - Name of the class member function to be called.

Examples

Source code (UnigineScript)

class Foo { void foo() { log.message("called\n"); } };
Foo f[] = ( new Foo(), new Foo());
f.call("foo");

Output

called
called

void call ( ) #

Calls user/external functions with the same number of arguments by using their identifiers stored in one array.

Examples

For example, if you have an array that contains identifiers of different functions with the same number of arguments, you can call these functions at ones as follows:

Source code (UnigineScript)

void foo_1() { 
	log.message(__FUNC__ + ": called\n");
}

void foo_2() {
	log.message(__FUNC__ + ": called\n");
}

void foo_3() { 
	log.message(__FUNC__ + ": called\n");
}

// declare array of functions identifiers
int functions[0];

int init() {
	// add the functions identifiers to the array
	functions.append(functionid(foo_1));
	functions.append(functionid(foo_2));
	functions.append(functionid(foo_3));
	// call at ones all the functions stored in the array
	functions.call();
}

Output

foo_1(): called
foo_2(): called
foo_3(): called

int check ( variable argument ) #

Checks, if a given index or a key exists in a container.

Arguments

variable argument - Integer position (for a vector) or the key (for a map) of some element.

Return value

1, if the index or the key is found; otherwise, 0.

Examples

Source code (UnigineScript)

int array[] = ( -1 : -1, 0 : 0, 1 : 1 );

// check an element for existence
array.check(-1);
// return value: 1

Variable check ( variable argument, variable return_value ) #

Checks a given index or a key for existence and safely returns its value.

Arguments

variable argument - Integer position (for a vector) or the key (for a map) of some element.
variable return_value - Value to return if a given index or a key is not found.

Return value

Value of the given index (for vectors) or the key (for maps), if it is found; otherwise the specified return value.

Examples

Source code (UnigineScript)

int array[] = ( -1 : -1, 0 : 0, 1 : 1 );

// safely get an array element
array.check(-1,-13);			// the result is: -1, which represents the value from pair ( -1 : -1 ).
array.check(-2,-13);			// the result is: -13. It is the specified return value.

void clear ( ) #

Deletes all contents of a container.

Examples

Source code (UnigineScript)

int vector[0] = ( 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 );

vector.clear();
// now the vector is empty.

int compare ( int size ) #

Compares two containers of the same type.

Arguments

int size - Container of the same type as container.

Return value

1, if the contents of the containers are equal; otherwise, 0

Examples

Source code (UnigineScript)

int vector1[0] = ( 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 );
int vector2[0] = ( 11, 22, 33, 44 );

// compare 
vector1.compare(vector2);
// return 0, because the contents of the vectors are not equal.

void copy ( int id ) #

Copies one container to another, replacing its current elements.

Arguments

int id - Container of the same type as container

Examples

Source code (UnigineScript)

int vector1[0] = ( 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 );
int vector2[0] = ( 11, 22, 33, 44 );

vector1.copy(vector2);

// vector1 is replaced with vector2: ( 11, 22, 33, 44 )
// vector2 is not changed

int map1[] = ( 1 : "one", 2 : "two", 3 : "three", 4 : "four" );
int map2[] = ( 1 : "11", 3 : "33", 5 : "55" );
map1.copy(map2);

// map1 is replaced with map2: ( 1 : "11", 3 : "33", 5 : "55" )
// map2 is not changed

void delete ( ) #

Deletes the container, while all classes stored in it are properly destructed (if not referenced to by other variables).

Examples

Source code (UnigineScript)

Foo array[] = ( new Foo() );
array.delete();

void delete ( int position, int size ) #

Deletes a specified number of the vector elements starting with a specified position. On the function call, destructors will be called and the vector elements in the specified range will be deleted.

Notice

This function is available only for vectors.

Arguments

int position - Index offset.
int size - Number of elements to delete.

Examples

Source code (UnigineScript)

Foo array[] = ( new Foo(), new Foo(), new Foo(), new Foo() );
// delete the first 3 elements of the vector
array.delete(0,3);

Variable find ( variable value ) #

Searches a container for the first occurrence of a given value.

Arguments

variable value - Target element value.

Return value

Corresponding position or the key upon success; otherwise -1.

Examples

Source code (UnigineScript)

int array[] = ( -1 : -1, 0 : 0, 1 : 1 );

// find an element in the map that contains -1 key
log.message("%d\n",array.find(-1));   // the result is: -1, which is correct
log.message("%d\n",array.find(2));    // the result is: -1, which is ambiguous in this case

Notice

To avoid the ambiguity, use the find function with 2 arguments.

Variable find ( variable value, variable return_value ) #

The two-argument version of find() returns the second argument value if nothing is found.

Arguments

variable value - Target element value.
variable return_value - Value returned if the value was not found in the container.

Return value

Corresponding position or the key upon success; otherwise the second argument value.

Examples

Source code (UnigineScript)

int array[] = ( -1 : -1, 0 : 0, 1 : 1 );

array.find(2,-13);          // the return value is -13, which allows to avoid ambiguity

Variable get ( int index ) #

Gets the element of a container by its index.

NoticeBefore the get() function is applied, map keys are automatically sorted in the ascending order. But it is not hold for vectors.

Arguments

int index - Element index.

Return value

Found element.

Examples

Source code (UnigineScript)

int container[0] = ( 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 );

container.get(2);

// the return value is: 3

int id ( ) #

Returns the internal integer ID of a vector or a map. It can be used inside the call() function to pass the container to a function.

Return value

The internal integer ID of the container.

Examples

Source code (UnigineScript)

void fill(int a[]) {
	a.append(13);
}
		
void print(int a[]) {
	log.message("%d : ",a.id());
	
	foreach(int i; a) {
		log.message("%d ",i);
	}
	log.message("\n");
}
		
int a0[0];
int a1[0];

fill(a0); // fill the first array
print(a0); // the result is 93 : 13, where the first number is the id of the vector a0

call("fill",a1.id()); // fill the second array 
print(a1); // the result is 94 : 13, where the first number is the id of the vector a1

Variable key ( int index ) #

Gets a key by an element index. It can be used for both vectors and maps.

Notice

For vectors this function returns the index itself.

Arguments

int index - Element index.

Return value

The key (for a map) or the index (for a vector).

Examples

Source code (UnigineScript)

int map[] = ( 1:2, 2:3, 3:4 );
		
forloop(int i = 0; map.size()) {
	log.message("%d: %d %d\n",i,map.key(i),map.get(i));
}

// the result is the following: 
// 0: 1 2
// 1: 2 3
// 2: 3 4

int left ( variable value ) #

Returns the index of the element to the left from the specified element (found by its value). The vector must be sorted in the ascending order. The comparison operator used is: <.

Notice

This function is available only for vectors.

Arguments

variable value - Element value. Relative to this element, the left element is found.

Return value

Index of the found element; -1 if there is no element to the left from the specified element.

Examples

Source code (UnigineScript)

int v[0] = ( 2, 3, 8, 10 );   // a vector should be sorted in the ascending order

log.message("Left element index: %d\n",v.left(5));   // the result is: 1 (value: 3)
log.message("Left element index: %d\n",v.left(3));   // the result is: 0 (value: 2)
log.message("Left element index: %d\n",v.left(1));   // the result is: -1 (no element is found)
log.message("Left element index: %d\n",v.left(15));  // the result is: 3 (value: 10)

void lerp ( int id_0, int id_1, variable k ) #

Linear interpolation between two vectors with the given coefficient. For vectors to be interpolated, they should be of equal size and contain values of the same type.

Notice

This function is available only for vectors

Arguments

int id_0 - Vector to be interpolated.
int id_1 - Second vector to interpolate with. Vectors can contain values of the following types:
- int
- long
- float
- double
- vec3
- vec4
- dvec3
- dvec4
- ivec3
- ivec4
- mat4
- dmat4
- quat
Notice
It is also possible to interpolate between vec3 and dvec3, vec4 and dvec4 in case the first vector is either vec3 or vec4.
variable k - interpolation coefficient. It can be:
- int
- long
- float
- double

void merge ( int id ) #

Merges a specified container (by its ID) with the current one. The containers must be of the same type to be combined into one.

Notice
					For vectors, values are appended to the end.
For maps, new key-value pairs are added to the end of the current map. But if such a key already exists, the value will be replaced.

				

Arguments

int id - Container of the same type as container

Examples

Source code (UnigineScript)

int vector1[0] = ( 1, 2, 3 );
int vector2[0] = ( 3, 4, 5 );

// merge vectors
vector1.merge(vector2);	

// vector1 content is: ( 1, 2, 3, 3, 4, 5 )
// vector2 is not changed

int map1[] = ( 1 : "one", 2 : "two", 3 : "three", 4 : "four" );
int map2[] = ( 1 : "11", 3 : "33", 5 : "55" );

// merge maps
map1.merge(map2);

// map1 content is: ( 1 : "11", 2 : "two", 3 : "33", 4 : "four", 5 : "55" )
// map2 is not changed

void remove ( ) #

Deletes the last element of a vector.

Notice

This function is available only for vectors.

Examples

Source code (UnigineScript)

int vector[0] = ( 0, 1, 2, 3 );

// remove the last element
vector.remove();

// vector now has 3 components: ( 0, 1, 2 )

void remove ( variable argument ) #

Deletes a specified element from a container.

Arguments

variable argument - Integer index (for a vector) or the key (for a map) of some element

Examples

Source code (UnigineScript)

int container[0] = ( 40, 11, 28, 3 );

// remove the element with index = 2
container.remove(2);

// vector now has 3 components: ( 40, 11, 3 )

void remove ( int position, int size ) #

Deletes a specified number of vector elements starting with a certain position.

Notice

This function is available only for vectors.

Arguments

int position - Index offset.
int size - Number of elements to delete.

Examples

Source code (UnigineScript)

int vector[0] = ( 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 );

//remove the first six elements of the array
vector.remove(0,6);

// vector content is: ( 7, 8 )

void removeFast ( int position ) #

Deletes the specified vector element: moves the last vector element to the specified position and reduces the length of the vector.

Notice

This function is available only for vectors.

Arguments

int position - Vector element index.

Examples

Source code (UnigineScript)

int vector[0] = ( 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 );

//remove the first six elements of the array
vector.removeFast(3);

// vector content is: ( 1, 2, 3, 8, 5, 6, 7 )

void resize ( int size ) #

Changes the size of a vector.

Notice

It is available only for vectors.

Arguments

int size - New size of a vector.

Examples

Source code (UnigineScript)

int vector[10];
vector[3] = 30;

// change the size to 5
vector.resize(5);

int right ( variable value ) #

Returns the index of the element to the right from the specified element (found its value). The vector must be sorted in the ascending order. The comparison operator used is: >=.

Notice

This function is available only for vectors.

Arguments

variable value - Value relative to which the right element is found.

Return value

Index of the found element; -1 if there is no element to the right from the specified element.

Examples

Source code (UnigineScript)

int v[0] = ( 2, 3, 8, 10 );   // a vector should be sorted in the ascending order

log.message("Right element index: %d\n",v.right(5));   // the result is: 2 (value: 8)
log.message("Right element index: %d\n",v.right(1));   // the result is: 0 (value: 2)
log.message("Right element index: %d\n",v.right(10));  // the result is: 3 (value: 10)
log.message("Right element index: %d\n",v.right(15));  // the result is: -1 (no element is found)

void set ( int index, variable value ) #

Sets the element of the container by its index.

NoticeBefore the set() function is applied, container is automatically sorted in the ascending order. But it is not hold for vectors.

Arguments

int index - Element index.
variable value - Element value to set.

Examples

Source code (UnigineScript)

int vector1[0] = ( 1, 2, 3 );

vector1.set(2,4);

// vector now has the following content: ( 1, 2, 4 )

int size ( ) #

Counts the number of elements in a container and returns it.

Return value

Number of container elements.

Examples

Source code (UnigineScript)

int vector[0] = ( 2, 3, 8, 10 );

log.message("Number of elements: %d\n",vector.size());

// the output is: "Number of elements: 4"

void sort ( ) #

Sorts a vector in the ascending order.

Notice

This function is available only for vectors.

Examples

Source code (UnigineScript)

int vector[0] = ( 3, 2, 10, 8 );

vector.sort();

// now the vector is: ( 2, 3, 8, 10 )

void sort ( int id ) #

Sorts the vector that calls this function in the ascending order. A vector passed as an argument is sorted by the values of the first vector. Vectors should be of the same length.

Notice

This function is available only for vectors.

Arguments

int id - Vector to be sorted by the values of vector. This argument vector should be of the same length as the first vector.

Examples

Source code (UnigineScript)

int vector1[0] = ( 3, 2, 10, 8 );
int vector2[0] = ( 1, 9, 4, 6 );

vector1.sort(vector2);

// vector1 is sorted in the ascending order: ( 2, 3, 8, 10 )
// and vector2 is sorted by the values of vector1: ( 9, 1, 6, 4 )

void step ( int num ) #

Changes the current array iterator position inside the foreachkey().

Notice

This function does nothing outside the foreachkey() statement.

Arguments

int num - Array iterator offset (number of elements to skip starting from the current position of the array iterator).

Examples

Source code (UnigineScript)

int a[];
forloop(int i = 0; 16) a.append(i);
foreachkey(int i; a) {
	log.message("a: %d\n",i);
	a.step(4);
}

Output

a: 0
a: 5
a: 10
a: 15

void swap ( int id ) #

Swaps contents of two containers of the same type.

Arguments

int id - Container of the same type as container.

Examples

Source code (UnigineScript)

int vector1[0] = ( 1, 2, 3 );
int vector2[0] = ( 4, 5, 6 );

vector1.swap(vector2);

// vector1: ( 4, 5, 6 )
// vector2: ( 1, 2, 3 )

void swap ( Variable k0, Variable k1 ) #

Swaps 2 elements inside the container.

Notice

In case of a map, only elements are swapped, keys remain the same.

Arguments

Variable k0 - Container element index to be swapped.
Variable k1 - Container element index to be swapped.

Examples

Source code (UnigineScript)

int vector[] = (10,11,12,13,14);
a.swap(0,4);
log.message("%s\n",a.typeinfo());
		
int map[] = (0:5,1:6,2:7,3:8,4:9);
b.swap(0,4);
log.message("%s\n",b.typeinfo());

Output

( int: 14, int: 11, int: 12, int: 13, int: 10)
( int: 0 : int: 9, int: 1 : int: 6, int: 2 : int: 7, int: 3 : int: 8, int: 4 : int: 5)

string typeinfo ( ) #

Returns information about the container values, which is represented by pairs (type,value), where type is a container element type and value is an element value. For maps, such a pair is returned for both the key and the value.

Return value

Information about the container elements: type, value.

Examples

Source code (UnigineScript)

int a[] = ( 1, 2, 3, 4 );
int d[] = ( 1 : 1.0, 2 : 2.0, 3 : 3.0 );

log.message("Vector: %s\n",a.typeinfo());
log.message("Map: %s\n",d.typeinfo());

// Vector: ( int: 1, int: 2, int: 3, int: 4 )
// Map: ( int: 1 : double: 1, int: 2 : double: 2, int: 3 : double: 3 )

Last update: 10.03.2022

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