位屏蔽

Bit masking is a flexible mechanism used to access only the specific bits in a set of data. It can be applied to the following systems: 位掩码是一种灵活的机制，用于仅访问一组数据中的特定位。可以将其应用于以下系统：

• Rendering into viewport Rendering into viewport
• Shadowing Shadowing
• Reflections rendering反射渲染
• Collisions Collisions
• Intersections Intersections
• Decals贴图
• Fields Fields
• Sound sources Sound sources
• Physicals身体
• Pathfinding Pathfinding

To specify the mask, click the corresponding mask button (Viewport, Shadow, Intersection, etc.) and enable required bits of a 32-bit mask. Enabling a bit means setting the value of 1 (when disabled, the value is 0). The resulting mask is displayed as hexadecimal characters on the top of the context menu window. The name of selected bit or bits is displayed on the mask button.要指定掩码，请单击相应的掩码按钮（Viewport, Shadow, Intersection等），然后启用32位掩码的必需位。启用位意味着设置 1 的值（禁用时，该值为 0 ）。生成的掩码在上下文菜单窗口的顶部显示为十六进制字符。所选按钮的名称显示在屏蔽按钮上。

To collapse the context menu, click the mask button once again.要折叠上下文菜单，请再次单击“遮罩”按钮。

注意

The Material mask stores 24 bits. All other masks store 32 bits. Material掩码存储24位。所有其他掩码都存储32位。

Bit mask with the first bit turned on启用第一位的位掩码

Set All turns on all the bits in the mask Set All打开掩码中的所有位 Clear All turns off all the bits in the mask Clear All关闭掩码中的所有位

Default names of bits can be changed. The name entered in a field is assigned to a selected bit in all masks of this type. For example, if you assign a name to the first bit of the Viewport mask of a surface, the same name is displayed for the first bit of the Camera's Viewport mask. Bit masks names are assigned locally and stored in the <Project Name>/data/default.bitmasks file, which is created when you open your project in UnigineEditor for the first time.可以更改默认的位名称。在此类型的所有掩码中，将在字段中输入的名称分配给选定的位。例如，如果将名称分配给曲面的Viewport遮罩的第一位，则为相机的Viewport遮罩的第一位显示相同的名称。位掩码名称是在本地分配的，并存储在<Project Name>/data/default.bitmasks文件中，该文件是您首次在UnigineEditor中打开项目时创建的。

Masks are compared bitwise using binary operator and. As a result, the first bit of the first mask is compared to the first bit of the second mask, the second bit — to the second one, and so on.

注意

If two masks have at least one matching bit, the masks match. Values of other bits won't affect the result.If two masks have at least one matching bit, the masks match. Values of other bits won't affect the result.

注意

If two masks have at least one matching bit, the masks match. Values of other bits won't affect the result.如果两个掩码具有至少一个匹配位，则掩码匹配。其他位的值不会影响结果。

For example, the following viewport masks have 4 matching bits, so they match:例如，以下视口蒙版具有4个匹配位，因此它们匹配：

The camera Viewport mask with the first 6 bits enabled启用了前6位的相机Viewport掩码	The object's Viewport mask with the second, third, fourth, and fifth bits enabled启用了第二，第三，第四和第五位的对象的Viewport掩码

Each mask has a hexadecimal representation, which is displayed in the input field of the context menu. You can copy the hexadecimal value of one mask and paste it in the input field of another mask to enable the same bits of the mask.每个掩码都有一个十六进制表示形式，显示在上下文菜单的输入字段中。您可以复制一个掩码的十六进制值并将其粘贴到另一个掩码的输入字段中，以启用掩码的相同位。

See a part of our video tutorial on bit masking dedicated to a more detailed and visualized explanation of the bit masking concept.请参阅我们的 有关位屏蔽的视频教程的一部分，该教程专门介绍位屏蔽概念的更详细和直观的说明。

Objects (along with decals and lights) can be selectively rendered into viewport. To that end, the camera Viewport mask (set in the Camera Settings window opened via the Camera panel), should match the following masks:可以选择性地将 对象（以及 decals 和 lights ）渲染到视口中。为此，相机Viewport遮罩（在通过“相机”面板Camera Settings打开的窗口中设置）应与以下遮罩匹配：

• Object surface Viewport mask (Parameters window → Node tab → Surfaces section → Rendering field)物体表面Viewport蒙版（Parameters窗口→Node选项卡→Surfaces部分→Rendering字段）
• Object material viewport mask to render the object's material (Parameters window → Node tab → Surface Material section → Common tab → Options field)对象材质视口蒙版以渲染对象的材质（Parameters窗口→Node选项卡→Surface Material部分→Common选项卡→Options字段）

注意

All masks match each other by default.默认情况下，所有蒙版都匹配。

Usage Example

使用范例#

Suppose, we have two objects with the same material. To make one of them to be rendered into viewport and the other one — not to be rendered, we should change the Viewport mask of the second object.

In the surface Viewport masks of both objects, the same bit Viewport Mask 0 is enabled (00000001) In the surface Viewport masks of both objects, the same bit Viewport Mask 0 is enabled (00000001)	For the first object, all bits of the surface Viewport mask are disabled (the mask is set to 00000000)For the first object, all bits of the surface Viewport mask are disabled (the mask is set to 00000000)

In the surface Viewport masks of both objects, the same bit Viewport Mask 0 is enabled (00000001) For the first object, all bits of the surface Viewport mask are disabled (the mask is set to 00000000) 假設我們有兩個具有相同材質的對象。 為了使其中一個渲染到視口中，而另一個不渲染，我們應該更改第二個對象的Viewport mask。

In the surface Viewport masks of both objects, the same bit Viewport Mask 0 is enabled (00000001) 在两个对象的表面Viewport蒙版中，启用了相同的位Viewport Mask 0（00000001）	For the first object, all bits of the surface Viewport mask are disabled (the mask is set to 00000000)对于第一个对象，禁用了表面Viewport蒙版的所有位（该蒙版设置为00000000）

See the demonstration of how to set rendering into viewport and one more usage example in our video tutorial on bit masking. 在我們的## 有關位掩碼的視頻教程中查看如何將渲染設置為視口的演示。

The reflection mask (Reflection Viewport) controls rendering of the environment probe reflections and planar dynamic reflections into the viewport of the reflection camera.反射蒙版（Reflection Viewport）控制将环境探针反射和平面动态反射渲染到反射相机的视口。

The reflection mask can be set:

• For environment probes (Parameters window → Node tab → Baking Settings section → Reflection Viewport Mask button). The mask is used only in combination with Realtime Update mode enabled for the environment probe.For environment probes (Parameters window → Node tab → Baking Settings section → Reflection Viewport Mask button). The mask is used only in combination with Realtime Update mode enabled for the environment probe.
• For planar reflections (Parameters window → Node tab → Surface Material section → Parameters tab → Planar Reflection section → Viewport Mask button).For planar reflections (Parameters window → Node tab → Surface Material section → Parameters tab → Planar Reflection section → Viewport Mask button).

• For environment probes (Parameters window → Node tab → Baking Settings section → Reflection Viewport Mask button). The mask is used only in combination with Realtime Update mode enabled for the environment probe.用于环境探针（Parameters窗口→Node选项卡→Baking Settings部分→Reflection Viewport Mask按钮）。该遮罩仅与为环境探针启用的Realtime Update模拟结合使用。
• For planar reflections (Parameters window → Node tab → Surface Material section → Parameters tab → Planar Reflection section → Viewport Mask button).用于平面反射（Parameters窗口→Node选项卡→Surface Material部分→Parameters选项卡→Planar Reflection部分→Viewport Mask按钮）。

For the dynamic reflection to be rendered, the Reflection Viewport mask of the reflecting material (Parameters window → Node tab → Surface Material section → Parameters tab → Planar Reflection section → Viewport Mask button) must have at least one matching bit with each of the following masks:

• Reflection Viewport mask of the camera (Camera Settings window → Masks field)Reflection Viewport mask of the camera (Camera Settings window → Masks field)
• Viewport mask of the object (Parameters window → Node tab → Surfaces section → Rendering field)Viewport mask of the object (Parameters window → Node tab → Surfaces section → Rendering field)
• Viewport mask of the object's material (Parameters window → Node tab → Surface Material section → Common tab → Options field)Viewport mask of the object's material (Parameters window → Node tab → Surface Material section → Common tab → Options field)

• Reflection Viewport mask of the camera (Camera Settings window → Masks field)摄像机的Reflection Viewport遮罩（Camera Settings窗口→Masks字段）
• Viewport mask of the object (Parameters window → Node tab → Surfaces section → Rendering field)对象的Viewport掩码（Parameters窗口→Node选项卡→Surfaces部分→Rendering字段）
• Viewport mask of the object's material (Parameters window → Node tab → Surface Material section → Common tab → Options field)对象材质的Viewport蒙版（Parameters窗口→Node选项卡→Surface Material部分→Common选项卡→Options字段）

See also the fragments of our video tutorial on bit masking demonstrating the use of bit masks with baked reflections and dynamic reflections.另请参见我们的视频教程中有关位掩码的片段，演示了如何使用 烘焙反射和 动态反射。

Usage Example

使用范例#

Suppose, you have a reflecting surface and two objects reflected in this surface.

• To render an object without a reflection, either its Viewport mask or its material's Viewport mask should have no matching bits with the planar reflection's Viewport mask or the camera's reflection Viewport mask.To render an object without a reflection, either its Viewport mask or its material's Viewport mask should have no matching bits with the planar reflection's Viewport mask or the camera's reflection Viewport mask.
• To render a reflection without an object, the object's Viewport mask or its material's Viewport mask should have no matching bits with the camera's Viewport mask.To render a reflection without an object, the object's Viewport mask or its material's Viewport mask should have no matching bits with the camera's Viewport mask.

To render an object without a reflection, either its Viewport mask or its material's Viewport mask should have no matching bits with the planar reflection's Viewport mask or the camera's reflection Viewport mask.To render a reflection without an object, the object's Viewport mask or its material's Viewport mask should have no matching bits with the camera's Viewport mask.假设您有一个反射表面，并且在该表面上反射了两个对象。

• To render an object without a reflection, either its Viewport mask or its material's Viewport mask should have no matching bits with the planar reflection's Viewport mask or the camera's reflection Viewport mask.要渲染无反射的对象，其Viewport遮罩或其材质的Viewport遮罩应与平面反射的Viewport遮罩或相机的反射Viewport不具有匹配位。面具。
• To render a reflection without an object, the object's Viewport mask or its material's Viewport mask should have no matching bits with the camera's Viewport mask.要在没有对象的情况下渲染反射，对象的Viewport遮罩或其材质的Viewport遮罩应与相机的Viewport遮罩没有匹配的位。

In the example below, masks are given in the binary representation. For convenience, let's assume that objects and their materials have identical Viewport masks. For masks to match, they should share 1 in the appropriate bit position. You can convert these masks to the hexadecimal number representation and set the obtained values via UnigineEditor.在下面的示例中，掩码以二进制表示形式给出。为了方便起见，我们假设对象及其材质具有相同的Viewport蒙版。为了使掩码匹配，它们应在适当的位位置共享1。您可以将这些掩码转换为十六进制数字表示形式，并通过UnigineEditor设置获得的值。

An object without the reflection没有反射的对象	A reflection without the object没有对象的反射
蒙版 值 相機Viewport蒙版 0111 相機Reflection Viewport蒙版 1100 第一個對象的Viewport蒙版 0001 第二個對象的Viewport蒙版 0110 平面反射Viewport遮罩反射面材质的 1110	蒙版 值 相機Viewport蒙版 0111 相機Reflection Viewport蒙版 1100 第一個對象的Viewport蒙版 1000 第二個對象的Viewport蒙版 0110 平面反射Viewport遮罩反射面材质的 1110

In the first example, the object's Viewport mask doesn't match the camera's reflection Viewport mask. However, it matches the camera's Viewport mask, so the object is rendered. 在第一个示例中，对象的Viewport遮罩与相机的反射Viewport遮罩不匹配。但是，它与摄影机的Viewport蒙版匹配，因此将渲染对象。

In the second example, the object's Viewport mask doesn't match the camera's Viewport mask. However, it matches the camera's Reflection Viewport mask and the planar reflection's Viewport mask, so the reflection is rendered. 在第二个示例中，对象的Viewport掩码与相机的Viewport掩码不匹配。但是，它与相机的Reflection Viewport遮罩和相匹配，因此与平面反射的Viewport遮罩匹配，因此将渲染反射。

The Shadow mask controls rendering of a shadow cast by an object lit by a light source. Shadow蒙版控制由光源照明的对象投射的阴影的渲染。

For a shadow to be rendered, the Shadow mask of the light source that illuminates the object must match the following masks (one bit at least):要渲染阴影，照亮对象的光源的Shadow遮罩必须与以下遮罩匹配（至少一位）：

• Object surface Shadow mask (Parameters window → Node tab → Surfaces section → Rendering field)物体表面Shadow蒙版（Parameters窗口→Node选项卡→Surfaces部分→Rendering字段）
• Object material Shadow mask (Parameters window → Node tab → Surface Material section → Common tab → Options field)对象材质Shadow蒙版（Parameters窗口→Node选项卡→Surface Material部分→Common选项卡→Options字段）

Usage Example

使用范例#

The example below demonstrates the difference. On the left, the Shadow masks of the surface and its material have all bits enabled, thus they have one bit matching the Shadow mask of the light source, and the shadow is rendered. On the right, the Shadow masks of the surface and its material don't match the Shadow mask of the light source, so the shadow isn't rendered.下面的示例演示了区别。在左侧，启用了表面及其材质的Shadow遮罩的所有位，因此它们具有与光源的Shadow遮罩相匹配的一位，并渲染了阴影。在右侧，表面的Shadow遮罩及其材质与光源的Shadow遮罩不匹配，因此不会渲染阴影。

Shadow mask of the surface and its material表面及其材质的Shadow蒙版	Shadow mask of the surface and its material表面及其材质的Shadow蒙版
Shadow mask of the light source光源的Shadow蒙版	Shadow mask of the light source光源的Shadow蒙版

See one more usage example in our video tutorial on bit masking.请参阅我们的 有关位掩码的视频教程中的另一个用法示例。

注意

Decal mask was renamed Material mask. Decal掩码重命名为Material掩码。

A Material mask is a 24-bit mask that specifies objects onto which the decal can be projected. An object or one of its surfaces can receive the decal only if the object's Material mask corresponds to the Material mask of the decal. Material遮罩是一个24位遮罩，用于指定可以在其上投影贴花的对象。仅当对象的Material蒙版与贴花的Material蒙版相对应时，对象或其表面之一才能接收贴花。

The Material mask can be specified for a selected material on the Parameters tab of the material editor:可以在材质编辑器的Parameters选项卡上为选定的材质指定Material蒙版：

Material mask field Material掩码字段

See how the decal projection area can be restricted using the Material mask in our video tutorial on bit masking.在我們有關位掩碼的視頻教程中，了解如何使用Material掩碼限制貼花投影區域

The Intersection mask specifies objects (including objects, nodes, shapes, collision objects, and obstacles) for which intersections will or won't be found. An intersection is found only if the Intersection mask of the object matches the Intersection mask passed as a function argument, otherwise it is ignored. Intersection遮罩指定将（或不会）找到交叉点的对象（包括对象，节点，形状，碰撞对象和障碍物）。仅当对象的Intersection掩码与作为函数参数传递的Intersection掩码匹配时，才找到相交，否则将忽略该相交。

The mask for the object's surface can be specified via UnigineEditor or API.可以通过UnigineEditor或 API 指定对象表面的遮罩。

The Intersection mask can be used to clarify the object search or increase performance by limiting the number of objects that can participate in intersections. Intersection掩码可用于限制对象的数量，以限制对象的参与或通过交叉路口来提高性能。

Our video tutorial on bit masking features two use cases of the Intersection mask: excluding objects from intersection detection and cutting out grass.我们有关位掩码的视频教程介绍了Intersection掩码的两种使用情况： 从交集检测中排除对象和 剪草。